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Montreal Protocol

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Montreal Protocol is a global agreement made on substances that deplete the ozone layer to protect earth's ozone layer by removing the chemicals or hazardous gases which deplete it. It includes limiting both production and consumption of the substances which causes ozone layer depletion. This agreement was signed by 197 countries in  1987 and actually implemented in 1989. Under the original agreement (1987), developed countries required to phasing out of the CFCs in 1993 and achieve a 20% reduction relative to 1986 consumption level by 1994  and 50% reduction by 1998  relative to 1986. For developing countries time period given for the reduction of CFCs is by 2010.  Additionally developed countries required to reduce their production and consumption of halons relative to 1986. After the Montreal protocol signed new data showed the adverse effect on ozone layer. The parties come together to do modification in the protocol to enable,after this modification the co...

Green Building- How it works !

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In today's world we are facing so many issues regarding environment . Because of the Forest cutting pollution level continuously increasing everywhere. Today everyone forgetting how to maintain natural environment and how to save it. Day by day greenery is reducing and trees are cutting down , due to this air is getting polluted. As per WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION temperature of the earth is increasing by 2 degree Celsius  every year.  Until now we destroyed the environment in a way we want. An important way to save environment is Green building. Concept of Green Building :             Green building are buildings or homes that are more energy efficient , produce less waste and  are healthier to be inside. Green building uses environmental friendly material which reduce transportation requirements and restores habitat .   Hence it reduces environmental impact on the building or home and maintain a static environment insi...

Introduction to Refrigeration and Air conditioning .

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Introduction to Refrigeration-   The main components of the of the air cycle refrigeration system are: Compressor Condenser  Expansion device   Evaporator   In air refrigeration, the air is used as a refrigerant. In ancient times, air was often used for commercial purposes because of its free air supply. Air does not change its phase i.e, the gaseous state maintained throughout the cycle, so the heat transfer capacity per kilogram of air is very low as compared with the steam absorbing systems. Due to low efficiency and high power requirements; however, due to the weight and volume of the equipment, this system is still first choice for air cooling. cooling essentially refers to the continuous extraction of heat from substances (perishable foods, beverages, medicines etc.) at a low temperature level, then transferring this heat to the another system with a high potential temperature. Introduction to Air conditioning: An air conditioner    is a  s...